Showing posts from October, 2010

Turboshaft

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The fourth common type of jet engine is the turboshaft. [Figure 6-26] It delivers power to a shaft that drives something other than a propeller. The biggest difference between a turbojet and turbos…

Turbofan

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Turbofans were developed to combine some of the best features of the turbojet and the turboprop. Turbofan engines are designed to create additional thrust by diverting a secondary airflow around the…

Compressor Stalls and Compressor Blades

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Compressor blades are small airfoils and are subject to the same aerodynamic principles that apply to any airfoil. A compressor blade has an angle o…

Turbine Engine Instruments

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Engine instruments that indicate oil pressure, oil temperature, engine speed, exhaust gas temperature, and fuel flow are common to both turbine and reciprocating engines. However, there are some in…

Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT)

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A limiting factor in a gas turbine engine is the temperature of the turbine section. The temperature of a turbine section must be monitored closely to prevent overheating the turbine blades and othe…

Fuel Primer

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Both gravity-feed and fuel-pump systems may incorporate a fuel primer into the system. The fuel primer is used to draw fuel from the tanks to vaporize fuel directly into the cylinders prior to start…

Fuel Strainers, Sumps, and Drains

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After leaving the fuel tank and before it enters the carburetor, the fuel passes through a strainer which removes any moisture and other sediments i…

Electrical System

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Most aircraft are equipped with either a 14- or a 28-volt direct current electrical system. A basic aircraft electrical system consists of the following components: Alternator/generator   Batte…

Diluter-Demand Oxygen Systems

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Diluter-demand oxygen systems supply oxygen only when the user inhales through the mask. An automix lever allows the regulators to automatically mix cabin air and oxygen or supply 100 percent oxygen…

Electrical Pulse-Demand Oxygen System

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Portable electrical pulse-demand oxygen systems deliver oxygen by detecting an individual’s inhalation effort and provide oxygen flow during the i…

pulse oximeter

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A pulse oximeter is a device that measures the amount of oxygen in an individual’s blood, in addition to heart rate.   This non-invasive device measures the color changes that red blood cells u…

Parachute Rigger Handbook

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The parachute rigger operational handbook introduces the basic skills necessary for acquiring a parachute rigger certificate. It is developed by the Flight Standards Service, Airman Testing Standard…

Regulations and Human Factors

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A parachute rigger has a critical responsibility to anyone who uses a parachute. For many, a special meaning can be attributed to ensuring the safety of a piece of equipment that may save their life…

14 CFR PART 105 SUBPART C— PARACHUTE EQUIPMENT AND PACKING

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This part deals with the use of parachutes in the United States. The following areas are of interest to parachute riggers: Main parachutes used fo…

14 CFR PART 21 SUBPART O—TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDERS (TSO)

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A Technical Standard Order (TSO) is issued by the Administrator and is a minimum performance standard for specified articles, such as parachutes. It…

14 CFR PART 1—DEFINITIONS

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This part provides legal definitions for words and abbreviations under this title. One of the more important terms in this part is that of the Administrator. The Administrator is the administrative …

14 CFR PART 39—AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

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This part specifically deals with Airworthiness Directives (ADs). An AD is an amendment to the Code of Federal Regulations. An AD must be complied w…

14 CFR PART 91—GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES

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Section 91.307 deals with parachutes and parachuting. This section defines an "approved parachute" and states the repack time for parachut…

14 R PACFRT 105 SUBPART C— PARACHUTE EQUIPMENT AND PACKING

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This part deals with the use of parachutes in the United States. The following areas are of interest to parachute riggers: Main parachutes used fo…

Rigging Ethics

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There is no service life on the parachute; it may be considered airworthy as long as it meets its technical standard order. While the parachute appears to be in good condition, there are not many no…

Parachute Service Life

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There is no service life on the parachute; it may be considered airworthy as long as it meets its technical standard order. While the parachute appears to be in good condition, there are not many no…

Pilot VS Parachute Size

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With 250 pounds under a 22-foot diameter canopy, the pilot probably will drop from the sky at an excessive rate of descent. A common assumption in this situation is that it is unlikely he will need t…

14 CFR PART 91—GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES

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Section 91.307 deals with parachutes and parachuting. This section defines an "approved parachute" and states the repack time for parachute…

14 CFR PART 39—AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

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This part specifically deals with Airworthiness Directives (ADs). An AD is an amendment to the Code of Federal Regulations. An AD must be complied wi…

14 CFR PART 21 SUBPART O—TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDERS (TSO)

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A Technical Standard Order (TSO) is issued by the Administrator and is a minimum performance standard for specified articles, such as parachutes. It …

14 CFR PART 1—DEFINITIONS

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This part provides legal definitions for words and abbreviations under this title. One of the more important terms in this part is that of the Administrator. The Administrator is the administrative h…

Parachute Rigger Regulatory Compliance

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As with other airman certificates, there are additional parts of 14 CFR that are of direct concern to the parachute rigger in addition to those alr…

Responsibilities of A Certificated Parachute Rigger

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Parachute riggers have a broad range of responsibilities that include facilities and equipment, performance standards, records, and use of their seal…

Alternate Means of Qualifying for A Parachute Rigger Certificate

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Active duty military personnel and civilian personnel, who work for the military as parachute riggers, may qualify for a senior parachute rigger cert…

Earning Parachute Rigger Certificate

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When an applicant meets the requirements and demonstrates sufficient knowledge and skills as outlined in 14 CFR part 65, subpart F, the supervising p…

Parachute Rigger Certificates

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Parachutes intended for emergency use in civil aircraft in the United States, including the reserve parachute of a dual parachute system to be used for intentional jumping, must be packed, maintained…

Parachute Rigger Handbook

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The parachute rigger operational handbook introduces the basic skills necessary for acquiring a parachute rigger certificate. It is developed by the Flight Standards Service, Airman Testing Standar…

Oxygen Systems

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Most high altitude aircraft come equipped with some type of fixed oxygen installation. If the aircraft does not have a fixed installation, portable oxygen equipment must be readily accessible during …

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